FKM (Viton®) - 氟橡胶
　　FKM (Viton®) - Fluoroelastomer

　　Viton®是DuPont-Dow弹性材料公司的注册商标。并不是所有标注为“VITON”的材料都是相同的，这些材料许多都包含过量的装填物或缺乏按规定要求的聚合体。美国斯毕尔公司在O形环和弹性材料密封中采用类型A的Viton®以确保最佳的耐化学腐蚀性能和机械性能。Viton®表现出很广泛的耐化学腐蚀性，包括石油，二酯基润滑剂，硅酸盐流体和油脂，卤代烃，以及无机酸。Viton®不适用于酮，胺，无水氨，热氟化氢或氯磺酸，或汽车制动器液体。Viton®最高工作温度是204^oC。
　　Viton® is a registered trademark of DuPont-Dow Elastomers. Not all materials referenced as "VITON" are equal and many contain excess fillers or off-spec polymer. Spears® uses Type-A Viton® in O-rings and elastomer seals to insure optimum chemical resistance and performance. Viton® exhibits a very broad range of chemical resistance, including petroleum oils, di-ester based lubricants, silicate fluids and greases, halogenated hydrocarbons, and mineral acids. Viton® is not recommended for ketones, amines, anhydrous ammonia, hot hydrofluoric or chlorosulfonic acids, or automotive brake fluids. The maximum recommended service temperature of Viton® is 400^oF (204^oC).

　　Nitrile (Buna-N) - 丁腈橡胶
　　Nitrile (Buna-N) - Nitrile elastomer

　　用作O形环密封材料，丁腈橡胶适用于石油和流体，硅酮油和油脂，以及冷水。腈不适用于磷酸值液压机液体，卤代烃，强酸，酮，臭氧或汽车制动器液体。腈的最高工作温度是135^oC。
　　Used in O-ring seals, nitrile elastomers are recommended for petroleum oils and fluids, silicone oils and greases, di-ester based lubricants, ethylene glycol based fluids, and cold water. Nitrile is not recommended for phosphate ester hydraulic fluids, halogenated hydrocarbons, strong acids, ketones, ozone or automotive brake fluids. The maximum recommended service temperature of nitrile is 275^oF (135^oC).

　　FFKM (Aegis™, Kalrez®) - 全氟弹性材料
　　FFKM (Aegis™, Kalrez®) - Perfluoroelastomer

　　Aegis™是ISC Freudenberg-NOK公司的注册商标，Kalrez®是DuPont-Dow Elastomers公司的注册商标。这些特殊材料是实实在在的惰性材料，在已知的弹性材料中其耐化学腐蚀的适用范围最为广泛。但是，要清醒地了解全氟弹性材料比其他弹性材料合成物要昂贵的多。全氟弹性材料的工作温度可达360^oC，当工作温度很低时，其性能有所降低。
　　Aegis™ is a trademark of ISC Freudenberg-NOK, Kalrez® is a registered trademark of DuPont-Dow Elastomers. These specialty materials are virtually inert and provide the greatest range of chemical resistance found in an elastomer. However, be aware that perfluoroelastomers are substantially more expensive than other elastomer compounds. Perfluoroelastomer are serviceable to 600^oF (360^oC) and performance is limited at very low temperatures.

　　CSM (Hypalon®) - 氯磺化聚乙烯
　　CSM (Hypalon®) - Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene

　　Hypalon®是DuPont-Dow Elastomers公司的注册商标。CSM与氯丁橡胶非常接近，但是在耐化学腐蚀性方面有很大提高。这种特殊的化合物具有很好的抗磨损性以及优异的耐风化、耐臭氧腐蚀、耐日照和耐氧化能力。CSM在耐酒精、耐碱和耐酸方面也有很优异的表现，此外，对油和油脂有一定的耐腐蚀能力的同时，具有很好的颜色稳定性。CSM不适用于芬芳类溶剂。CSM在低温下其弹性范围比较有限而且压缩形变性能也相对较差。因此，CSM通常不能用作O形环。CSM的工作温度最高可达149^oC。在美国斯毕尔公司的隔膜阀内，Hypalon®可作为隔膜弹性材料的选项之一。
　　Hypalon® is a registered trademark of DuPont-Dow Elastomers. CSM is a close match to neoprene, but it has improved chemical resistance. This specialty compound offers good abrasion resistance with superior resistance to weather, ozone, sunlight and oxidation. CSM has excellent resistance to alcohols, alkalis and acids, very good color stability with moderate resistance to oils and gasoline. CSM is not recommended for use with aromatic solvents. CSM has limited flexibility at low temperatures and relatively poor compression set. As a result, CSM is not generally manufactured as O-rings. CSM is serviceable to 300^oF (149^oC). Hypalon® is offered as an alternative diaphragm elastomer in Spears® Diaphragm Valves.

　　Teflon®胶囊式O形环
　　Teflon® Encapsulated O-rings

　　在Viton®弹性材料核心周围环绕包裹Teflon® PFA或FEP材料形成的胶囊式O形环具有很高的耐化学腐蚀性能。但是，并不是说这种产品就可以成为替代品。胶囊封装Teflon®与弹性材料相比其弹性差得很多，在某些应用场合表现可能并不好。Teflon®胶囊式O形环只有在弹性材料O形环不能满足要求的情况下才可以考虑采用。
　　O-ring encapsulation places a Teflon® PFA or FEP material around a Viton® elastomer core to provide very high chemical resistance. However, this is not without a trade-off. The Teflon® encapsulation is far less resilient than an elastomer and may not perform as well in certain O-ring applications. Teflon® encapsulated O-rings should be used only where an elastomers O-ring cannot meet requirements.

　　弹性材料作后衬的PTFE
　　Elastomer Backed PTFE

　　这种材料用在美国斯毕尔公司隔膜阀内，与实心PTFE隔膜相比，这种化学粘结叠层的材料不但提高了PTFE的耐化学腐蚀性能，而且从厚厚的弹性材料后衬上获得较好的弹性，从而提高了密封性能。如果采用更重更高级的EPDM或Viton®作为后衬材料，那么PTFE隔膜阀结构就不需要“隔气层”了。
　　Used in Spears® PTFE Diaphragm Valves, this chemically bonded laminate provides the chemical resistance of PTFE with improved resilience from a thick elastomer backing for greater sealing capability than solid PTFE Diaphragms. Use of heavier, high grade EPDM or Viton® backing materials eliminates the need for "gas barrier" PTFE Diaphragm designs.

　　金属
　　Metals

　　镀锌钢
　　Zinc Plated Steel

　　普通用途的螺栓、螺母和紧固件采用的标准材料是镀锌钢。在大多数干燥应用环境和正常工作状态下，镀锌钢具有很好的耐腐蚀能力。
　　Zinc plated carbon steel is the standard for general purpose bolts, nuts and fasteners. Zinc plated steel provides good corrosion resistance for most dry environment applications and normal operating conditions.

　　不锈钢
　　Stainless Steel

　　与未电镀或已电镀的钢相比，不锈钢具有优异的耐腐蚀性。普通不锈钢等级是18-8，是制作普通用途中螺母、螺栓和紧固件很好的材料。不锈钢302和不锈钢304通常用于各种钢托盘、钢棒或深冲压钢部件。严酷的化学腐蚀环境首选材料是不锈钢316，美国斯毕尔公司绝大多数工业阀门和附件中需要采用不锈钢材料的部分都是采用不锈钢316。
　　Stainless Steel provides superior corrosion resistance than natural or plated carbon steels. Common grade is 18-8, which is excellent for general purpose use in nuts, bolts and fasteners. SS302 and SS304 are commonly used in a variety of sheet stock or deep drawn metal components. SS316 is the preferred choice for harsh chemical and corrosion environments and is used in the majority of Spears® industrial valves and accessories where stainless steel is required.

　　SS316 - 316不锈钢
　　SS316 - Type 316 Stainless Steel

　　不锈钢316用于特殊的阀门部件、螺母和螺栓，是可提供的不锈钢材料中耐化学腐蚀性能最高的不锈钢材料之一。
　　Used in special valve components, nuts, and bolts, SS316 is one of the highest chemical and corrosion resistant stainless steels available.

　　SS316L - 低碳316不锈钢
　　SS316L - Low Carbon Type 316 Stainless Steel

　　这种特制不锈钢由于碳含量较低，因此比不锈钢316具有更广泛的耐化学腐蚀性能。所有美国斯毕尔公司的蝶阀阀杆都只用这种低碳316不锈钢。
　　This specialty stainless steel provides extended chemical resistance over SS316 due to its lower carbon content. SS316L is used exclusively in all Spears® Butterfly Valve stems.

　　Teflon®涂敷低碳316不锈钢
　　Teflon® Coated SS316L

　　在需要很高的耐化学腐蚀性的应用场合，美国斯毕尔公司就提供特制的Teflon®涂敷低碳316不锈钢作为蝶阀阀杆。这种坚固、化学粘结涂层使得阀杆对大多数化学品具有实实在在的化学惰性，同时可靠性不受影响。
　　Where very high chemical resistance is needed, Spears® offers a special Teflon® coated, low carbon type 316 stainless steel Butterfly Valve stem. This tough, chemically bonded coating makes the stem virtually inert to most chemicals without loss of function of reliability.

　　特殊合金钢（钛，Hastaloy®，合金20，等等）
　　Special Alloys (Titanium, Hastaloy®, Alloy 20, etc.)

　　如果用户有预订和指定，美国斯毕尔公司产品中可以采用各种特殊金属，以满足特殊耐化学腐蚀的要求。请注意，定制的部件通常交货期会更长，成本也可能会大幅增加。
　　A variety of specialty metals can be obtained on a custom order basis for use in Spears® products where specific chemical or corrosion resistance is required and specified by user. Please note that custom components generally require extended lead-time and may have significant costs.